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Julius Schäffer (1882 – 1944) was a German mycologist. His contributions include studies on the Agaricales (gilled mushrooms), especially the genus ''Russula'', about which he wrote a monograph in 1933.〔 Later, he revised the genus in the series ''Die Pilze Mitteleuropas'' (1926–1967); his notes were published posthumously by his wife Liesel in 1952 with the help of other mycologists. The work was considered the "authoritative treatment of the group for Central Europe."〔 One of the ''Russula'' species that was first described in this publication was ''R. laeta''. Schäffer developed a chemical test to help with the identification of ''Agaricus'' species. A positive reaction of Schaeffer's test, which uses the reaction of aniline and nitric acid on the surface of the mushroom, is indicated by an orange to red color; it is characteristic of species in the section ''Flavescentes''. The compounds responsible for the reaction were named schaefferal A and B to honor Schäffer.〔 Schäffer is the only mycologist of modern times known to have died from consuming poisonous mushrooms, in this case, ''Paxillus involutus''. About an hour after he and his wife ate a meal prepared with the mushrooms, Schäffer developed vomiting, diarrhea, and fever. His condition worsened to the point where he was admitted to hospital the following day, and subsequently developed renal failure, perishing after 17 days.〔〔 ==Eponymous taxa== Several species have been named in honor of Schaeffer: *''Agaricus schaefferianus'' Hlavácek 1987 : *now ''Agaricus urinascens'' (Jul. Schäff. & F.H. Møller) Singer 1951) *''Cortinarius schaefferanus'' (M.M. Moser) M.M. Moser 1967 *''Cortinarius schaefferi'' Bres. 1930 *''Dermocybe schaefferi'' (Bres.) M.M. Moser 1986 *''Lentinus schaefferi'' (Weinm.) Rauschert 1988 : *now ''Neolentinus schaefferi'' (Weinm.) Redhead & Ginns 1985 *''Phyllosticta schaefferiae'' Gonz. Frag. & Cif. 1926 *''Russula nauseosa'' var. ''schaefferi'' Kill. 1939 *''Russula schaefferi'' Kärcher 1996 *''Russula schaefferiana'' Niolle 1943 *''Russula schaefferina'' Rawla & Sarwal 1983 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Julius Schäffer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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